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The fact that diet contributes significantly to prevention and treatment of disease is now a foregone conclusion. National and international guidelines offer evidence based recommendations advocating nutrients, foods and eating patterns that are most closely associated with reduced risk. Patients assume that physicians are knowledgeable regarding the role of diet in health and that they are trained to counsel patients ...more »

There is a need for a randomized primary prevention trial comparing the effectiveness of cholesterol treatment strategies based on a high CAC score versus the AHA/ACC 10-year cardiovascular disease risk tool. Include cost-effectiveness as well as clinical effectiveness as endpoints.

The development of systematic evidence reviews (SER) that provide the evidence that partner organizations can use to develop an integrated clinical practice guideline for use by primary care providers for the treatment of patients with single and multiple conditions for the primary and secondary prevention of heart, lung, blood, and sleep (heart, lung, blood, sleep) diseases.

Does the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease improve outcomes in patients with IPF?

Better understand the consequences of drug interactions leading to QTc prolongation. About 1/3 of cardiac ICU patients develop QT prolongation and about 45% receive drugs that are possibly contributing to this problem. The full spectrum of contributors and causes, as well as the patient-centered and health-system-centered clinical outcomes, are not known.

More emphasis must be placed on systemic manifestations and co‐morbidities of chronic lung disease such as depression, oral disease and heart disease.

More information on contraindications of daily dose of aspirin, e.g. Can ibuprofen, acetaminophen, or other non-steroidals interfere, and what about larger doses than 81 mgm/day?

We know that all life functions are based on circadian and other rhythms; chronobiological systems are interdependent in intricate ways. Disturbances and disorders in one part of a system may affect other vital systems in unexpected but far-reaching ways. Many aspects of circadian rhythms and sleep-wake regulation in normal, healthy humans have been charted. Much of the knowledge thus gained is assumed to be valid also ...more »

Current FDA approved apheresis technology uses elutriation/centrifugation or filtration separation techniques to remove pathologic cellular and/or plasma elements. Currently these techniques are non-specific, limited by inefficient removal kinetics and often require considerable blood product exposure. Despite tremendous improvement in our understanding of the pathophysiology of a variety of disease, our ability to ...more »

Practiced-Based Research Networks (PBRNs) are critical for the conduct of pragmatic real world studies. Most PBRNs struggle to support their infrastructure. Funding is needed to support core administration and IT, i.e. electronic interfaces and data extraction, transfer and loading from multiple EHRs and PBRN registries. Continuous if not core funding is needed whether though Center (P) awards, through through NHLBI ...more »

What health promotion activities/strategies maximize lung health across the lifespan? Does maximizing growth and development of the lung promote lung health across the lifespan?

Many medical centers have incorporated the concept of patient- and family-centered care into their mission statements and are now introducing policies that address topics such as open visiting hours in the ICU and family presence at resuscitation. These changes are often being made in the absence of robust evidence to support their introduction. There must be a commitment to rigorous study of these issues so that we can ...more »