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Given the difficulties of obtaining funding, especially among young investigators, NHLBI should consider public-private partnerships to increase the pool of available opportunities.

Celiac disease is estimated to effect at least 1% of the population, is a burden on patients & the medical profession & can result in co-morbidities such as cancer, but awareness low--most patients endure a host of health problems for a lifetime unless they are lucky enough to get an early diagnosis. Gluten sensitivity, which can cause many of the same debilitating symptoms, does not have a test, & is also common in the... more »

We need to provide more uniform education and incentives for mentors.

Baby boys and girls can respond quite differently to replacement lung surfactants given in response to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. There are also variations in efficacy between babies of different races, in addition to the generally increased risk of NRDS in minority populations overall to lack of prenatal care or access to neonatal intensive care units. Increasing the availability of surfactant treatment... more »

Blood is not continuously sterile. Data from dental studies, blood donors, and random blood cultures document that "normal" human blood often harbors microbes. Sepsis only occurs when immunological regulatory systems fail. Growing evidence link subclinical, potentially transient bacteremia to cardiovascular and other diseases. Could many of the diseases associated with inflammatory markers represent either continuous... more »

What ICU organizational factors, such as staffing, protocols, or telemedicine, best facilitate adherence to evidence-based practices and improve patient outcomes?

Heart Failure (HF) remains a major public health burden. A working group was convened by NHLBI and ODS in June, 2013 to address the role of diet and nutrition in management of HF. A review of existing evidence produced no clear rationale for appropriate dietary interventions. On the contrary, the group developed recommendations for conducting additional research specifically on the role of sodium, fluid, nutrients, and... more »

There is a vast amount of data regarding specific gene and protein targets, especially in the post genomics era with many well validated targets, and even more "strong candidates". Drug companies have libraries of compounds that could be good inhibitors/enhancers for these new targets but lack an internal program, IP of the target, or a sufficiently large market to initiate risky and expensive drug screens, let alone... more »

What are the benefits to the US in funding global health research in low-to-middle-income countries?

Does use of periodic and automatic multidisciplinary team consultation improve care and health outcomes of patients with COPD?

Cancer of the heart is almost unheard of, whereas most other organs can develop cancer. Why is this?

Despite evidence that women face challenges in receiving optimal CVD care, data show that men die at an earlier age than women of CVD. This health disparity remains unexplained and there are no specific interventions to address it.

Can genome engineering be used to correct or alter lung stem/progenitor cells to ameliorate lung disease and promote regeneration?

What initiates noncancerous proliferation of lung cells in disease?

What steps can the research community take to facilitate the translation of discovery science into proof of concepts in preclinical models and in humans for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment? • Current regulatory environment • Lack of communication between discovery and clinical research worlds • Lack of training • Getting industry, academia, and NHLBI to partner; and the business model to make it happen. • Limited... more »