What is the comparative effectiveness of short-term vs. chronic (indefinite) pulmonary rehabilitation on patient-reported outcomes (symptom frequency, activities of daily living, quality of life, sleep quality, exacerbations)?

How best do we leverage the existing Federally Qualified Healthcare Center’s (FQHC) infrastructure to study T4 Implementation Research for heart, lung, blood, sleep diseases and conditions among high risk and vulnerable populations?

How can methods and metrics capable of conducting high quality T4 research be developed to accurately capture outcomes and the overall impact new T4 knowledge has on population health for heart, lung, blood, sleep diseases and disorders?

The lack of large-scale data sources that provide a) detailed clinical phenotyping; b) longitudinal assessment of independent variables (incident events, medications, testing); c) collection of a broad range of outcomes, including patient-reported outcomes including health status.

What ICU organizational factors, such as staffing, protocols, or telemedicine, best facilitate adherence to evidence-based practices and improve patient outcomes?

What are the best strategies to improve implementation of evidence-based practices (EBP) to enhance effective health risk communication strategies among racial and ethnic minority males and underserved men? Examples of several issues that need to be addressed are: • Need for better definition of the role of families/communities in EBP (as co-therapists). • Requires less system fragmentation • Need for improved measurement, ...more »

What is the comparative effectiveness of prescribing continuous LTOT in COPD that targets fixed oxygen flow rates vs. oxygen saturation on patient-reported outcomes (symptom frequency, activities of daily living, quality of life, sleep quality, exacerbations)?

What is the comparative effectiveness of brief interventions to teach patients respiratory inhaler use (e.g., verbal and written instructions) vs. teach-to-goal interventions (brief interventions plus demonstration of correct technique, patient teach-back, feedback, and repeat instruction if needed) on respiratory inhaler technique and patient-reported outcomes (symptom frequency, activities of daily living, quality of ...more »

Does a protocol-based screening for commonly occurring comorbid conditions in patients with COPD (eg. CAD, CHF, depression, sleep apnea) improve management and outcomes for patients with COPD?

What is the clinical effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation in reducing hospital admissions and readmissions, improving health outcomes such as exercise tolerance and dyspnea, and positively impacting patient centered outcomes. Does this effectiveness vary based on the types of settings rehab is conducted in, urban vs rural environments, the components to the program, the timing of the program and the overall support ...more »

Survival has improved but neurobehavioral disabilty remains a common complication with adverse impacts on quality of life, educational and occupational attainments, and resource utilization. There is increasing evidence that brain development is abnormal, and leads to a rrisk of peri-operative brain injury. Studies are needed to; 1. Further define the prevalence and spectrum of neurobehavioral disability. 2, Understand ...more »

Current costs for multicenter randomized or non randomized trials are astronomical, and a major obstacle to rapid implementation of potential lifesaving discoveries. In the field of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) their is a federal mandate to have a treatment outcome registry. Funds should be made available to leverage that registry to perform prospective trials either randomized or not since HCT programs need ...more »